استخدام عقوبة الإعدام حسب البلد

عقوبة الإعدام استخدمت تقريبا في كل جزء من العالم ، ولكن في العقود القليلة الماضية العديد من البلدان التي قامت بإلغائها. منظمة العفو الدولية تصنف البلدان إلى أربع فئات :

  • 59 دولة تبقي على عقوبة الإعدام في القانون والممارسة على حد سواء. (أيضا قوائم السلطة الفلسطينية)
  • 91 قامت بإلغائها. (أيضا قوائم & جزر كوك ونيوي)
  • 10 الابقاء عليه عن الجرائم التي ارتكبت في ظروف استثنائية (كما في زمن الحرب).
  • 35 يسمح باستخدامه بالنسبة للجرائم العادية ، غير أنها لم تستخدم لمدة لا تقل عن 10 سنوات.

وبالإضافة إلى ذلك ، البلدان الخمسة إعدام الأحداث. [1]) وفي بعض البلدان على ممارسة الإعدام خارج نطاق القضاء بشكل متقطع أو منهجية خاصة بها رسميا خارج الأطر القانونية ويحدث. هذه القائمة تضم أقل عدد من الدول غير المعترف بها مع سيطرة فعلية على أراضيها والأقاليم التابعة لها ، التي لا تدرج في الأرقام المذكورة أعلاه ، باستثناء ما.

Death Penalty World Map
Legend
  Abolished for all crimes
  Abolished for crimes not committed in exceptional circumstances (such as crimes committed in time of war)
  Abolished in practice
  Legal form of punishment

Note: The tables can be sorted alphabetically or chronologically using the ملف:TableSortIconExample.gif icon.

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Africa

Executions in 2007: Botswana (1), Egypt (?), Equatorial Guinea (3), Ethiopia (1), Libya (9), Somalia (5), Sudan (7)

Key Country Last Execution Abolished Notes
Flag of الجزائر الجزائر 1993, August Treason and espionage; attempts to change the regime or actions aimed at incitement; destruction of territory, sabotage to public and economic utilities; massacres and slaughters; participation in armed bands or in insurrectionary movements; counterfeiting; murder; acts of torture or cruelty; kidnapping; aggravated theft
Flag of أنگولا أنگولا 1992 (by Constitution)
Flag of بنين بنين 1987 armed robbery[1]; Murder[2]; traffickers involved in "labor exploitation"[3]
Flag of بتسوانا بتسوانا 2007 Murder; treason; attempt on the life of the head of state; mutiny; desertion in the face of the enemy
Flag of بوركينا فاسو بوركينا فاسو 1988 Treason[4]
Flag of بوروندي بوروندي 2000 or later[5] 2008, November 22[6]
Flag of الكاميرون الكاميرون 1997, January[7] Secession; espionage; incitement to war[8]
Flag of الرأس الأخضر الرأس الأخضر 1835 1981 (by Constitution)
Flag of جمهورية أفريقيا الوسطى جمهورية أفريقيا الوسطى 1981 Treason; espionage; charlatanism; witchcraft; assassination; murder[9]
Flag of تشاد تشاد 2003[10] Murder
Flag of جزر القمر جزر القمر 1997[11]
Flag of جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية الكونغو الديمقراطية 2003[12]
Flag of جمهورية الكونغو الكونغو 1982
Flag of ساحل العاج ساحل العاج None since independence[13] 2000
Flag of جيبوتي جيبوتي None since independence 1995
Flag of مصر مصر 2007 Rape, if accompanied by kidnapping of the victim; murder; treason; organized drug trafficking.
Flag of غينيا الإستوائية غينيا الإستوائية 2007
Flag of إرتريا إرتريا
Flag of إثيوپيا إثيوپيا 2007, August[14] Murder
Flag of الگابون الگابون 1981[15]
Flag of گامبيا گامبيا 1981 Treason. Abolished 1993 but was reinstated by Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council in August 1995[16]
Flag of غانا غانا 1993 Murder; treason; armed robbery[16]
Flag of غينيا-بيساو غينيا-بيساو 1986 1993 (by Constitution)
Flag of غينيا غينيا 2001[17] Murder
Flag of كنيا كنيا 1987 Murder and armed robbery[12]
Flag of لسوتو لسوتو 1984
Flag of ليبريا ليبريا 1995[16] On September 16 2005 Liberia acceded to the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, abolishing the death penalty, but re-introduced elements of it in July, 2008.[18]
Flag of ليبيا ليبيا 2008 High treason; attempt to forcibly change the form of government; premeditated murder[19]
Flag of مدغشقر مدغشقر 1958
Flag of ملاوي ملاوي 1992[20]
Flag of مالي مالي 1980
Flag of موريتانيا موريتانيا 1987 Sodomy[21]; apostasy[22] (no recorded executions).
Flag of موريشيوس موريشيوس 1987 1995
Flag of المغرب المغرب 1993 Terrorism[12]. An abolition law project is being presented to the Parliament of Morocco in spring 2007. (see Human rights in Morocco#Capital punishment)
Flag of موزمبيق موزمبيق 1986 1990 (by Constitution)
Flag of ناميبيا ناميبيا 1988 1990 (by Constitution)
Flag of النيجر النيجر 1976
Flag of نيجريا نيجريا 2001[16] Sodomy[23]. Each of the 36 states has its own laws. In the north of the country the legal system used is Sharia (Islamic law)
Flag of رواندا رواندا 1998 2007[24]
Flag of الجمهورية العربية الصحراوية الديمقراطية‎ الجمهورية العربية الصحراوية الديمقراطية‎ 1976 The Constitution of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic outlaws the death penalty: Article 13 from the 1991 revision reads "The death penalty is banned" (translated into الإنگليزية from the Arabic.)[25]
Flag of ساو تومه وپرنسيپه ساو تومه وپرنسيپه None since independence 1990 (by Constitution)
Flag of السنغال السنغال 1967 2004, December 10
Flag of سيشل سيشل None since independence 1993 (by Constitution)
Flag of سيراليون سيراليون 1998, October Treason[26]; Murder; aggravated robbery. Under the Special Court for Sierra Leone the death penalty is not a punishment for war crimes
Flag of الصومال الصومال 2008 After the breakdown of de jure government, most regions reverted to Islamic law
Flag of أرض الصومال أرض الصومال
Flag of جنوب أفريقيا جنوب أفريقيا 1991, January 31[7] 1997 On 25 May, 2005 the Constitutional Court ordered that all remaining death sentences in the country be set aside and the prisoners resentenced. This last execution occurred in the internationally unrecognised Black "homelands". The last execution in Pretoria Central Prison was on November 14 1989.
Flag of السودان السودان 2007 Sodomy [27]; Waging war against the state[28]; apostasy[22]; prostitution; treason; acts that may endanger the independence or unity of the state; murder; armed robbery; weapons possession and smuggling
Flag of سوازيلاند سوازيلاند 1983[29] Murder

[30]; treason

Flag of تنزانيا تنزانيا 1994 Murder; Treason
Flag of توگو توگو 1978[31] Premeditated murder; plots against the security of the state
Flag of تونس تونس 1991 Murder; violence and aggression; attacks against the internal security of the state; attacks against the external security of the state
Flag of أوغندا أوغندا 2003[32] Treason; Terrorism; Murder[33]; Rape; defilement; aggravated robbery; aggravated kidnapping. On June 14, 2005 the Constitutional Court ruled that the death penalty was constitutional but its use as a mandatory punishment for certain crimes was not.[34]
Flag of زامبيا زامبيا 1997 Murder; aggravated robbery; high treason. President Levy Mwanawasa stated in 2004 that "For as long as I remain President, I will not execute a death warrant."[20]
Flag of زيمبابوي زيمبابوي 2003, June[35] Drug trafficking; treason; murder; mutiny


أسيا

Executions in 2007: Afghanistan (15), Bangladesh (6), People's Republic of China (470+), Indonesia (2), Iran (244), Iraq (29), Japan (9), North Korea (9), Kuwait (1), Pakistan (31), Saudi Arabia (140), Singapore (2), Syria (5), Vietnam (25), Yemen (8)

Key Country Last Execution Abolished Notes
Flag of أفغانستان أفغانستان 2007, October 8[36] Murder; child smuggling in order to use the victim's body parts; apostasy (see Abdul Rahman (convert))
Flag of أرمنيا أرمنيا 1991[37] 2003
Flag of أذربيجان أذربيجان 1992 1998
Flag of البحرين البحرين 2008 Premeditated murder; plotting to topple the regime; collaborating with a foreign hostile country; threatening the life of the Emir; defiance of military orders in time of war or martial law
Flag of بنگلادش بنگلادش 2007 Murder [38]; drug offences [39]; Trafficking in children for immoral or illegal purposes; trafficking in women for purposes of prostitution[40]
Flag of بوتان بوتان 1974[20] 2004
Flag of بروناي بروناي 1957 Murder; unlawful possession of firearms and explosives; possession of heroin or morphine of more than 15 grams, cocaine of more than 30 grams, cannabis of more than 500 grams, syabu or methamphetamine of more than 50 grams, or opium of more than 1.2 kg[41]
Flag of كمبوديا كمبوديا 1989 1989 (by Constitution)
Flag of الصين الصين 2008 Embezzlement; rape of children; fraud; bombing; people trafficking; piracy; theft; corruption; arson; murder; "endangering national security"; terrorism[42] (see Capital punishment in the People's Republic of China) (The two special administrative regions, Hong Kong and Macau, have abolished the death penalty.)
Flag of تايوان تايوان 2005 Since 2004, most death sentences have been informally given moratorium by President Chen Shui-bian except serious murders.
(see Capital punishment in Taiwan)
Flag of تيمور الشرقية تيمور الشرقية 1999
Flag of هونگ كونگ هونگ كونگ 1966 1993* *when Hong Kong was under British rule, and remains so after the handover to the People's Republic of China.
Flag of الهند الهند 2004, August 14[43] Murder; instigating a child's suicide; treason; acts of terrorism; a second conviction for drug trafficking. For more information see Capital punishment in India
Flag of إندونيسيا إندونيسيا 2008, November 9[44] Drug trafficking[45]; Terrorism[46]
Flag of إيران إيران 2008 Sodomy; armed robbery; terrorism; drug trafficking; kidnapping and rape; homosexuality; murder. Accounts for two-thirds of the global total of child offender executions[47]
Flag of العراق العراق 2008 Murder; endangering national security; distributing drugs; rape; attacks on transport convoys; financing and execution of terrorism[48]. Suspended in April 2003 after 2003 invasion; reinstated May 2005.
Flag of إسرائيل إسرائيل 1962 1954 (for other crimes) Crimes against humanity[49], high treason. Only two executions: traitor Meir Tobiansky and high-ranking Nazi Adolf Eichmann.
Flag of اليابان اليابان 2008, June 17[50] Prosecutors push for the death penalty only in the case of multiple murders, or single murder with aggravating circumstances.[51] Judges usually impose death penalty in case of multiple homicides. Between 1946 and 2003 766 people were sentenced to death, 608 of whom were executed. For 40 months from 1989 to 1993 successive ministers of justice refused to authorise executions, which amounted to an informal moratorium.
Flag of الأردن الأردن 2005 Murder[52]
Flag of قزخستان قزخستان 2003[53] 2007 Terrorism, crimes in wartime[54]. Moratorium since 17 December, 2003
Flag of جورجيا جورجيا 1995[37] 1997
Flag of كوريا الشمالية كوريا الشمالية 2008[55][56][57] Prostitution;[55] “drug transactions”;[56] plots against national sovereignty; terrorism; treason against the Motherland by citizens; treason against the people; murder[58]
Flag of كوريا الجنوبية كوريا الجنوبية 1997-12-30[59] Murder [60]. There has been an unofficial moratorium on executions since President Kim Dae-jung took office in February 1998.[61]
Flag of الكويت الكويت 2007 Drug trafficking; rape; murder
Flag of قيرغيزستان قيرغيزستان None since independence 2007[62][63] Kyrgyz authorities have extended a moratorium on executions each year since 1998.
Flag of لاوس لاوس 1989 Drugs trafficking[64]
Flag of لبنان لبنان 2004 Murder[65]
Flag of مكاو مكاو The death penalty is prohibited, including since the handover to the People's Republic of China.[66] The maximum possible sentence is imprisonment for 30 years.[67]
Flag of ماليزيا ماليزيا 2006[68] Mandatory for trafficking in dangerous drugs; discharging a firearm in the commission of a scheduled offence; accomplices in case of discharge of firearm; offences against the Yang di-Pertuan Agong’s person; murder. Discretionary for kidnapping; consorting with a person carrying or having possession of arms or explosives; waging or attempting to wage war or abetting the waging of war against the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, a Ruler or Yang di-Pertua Negeri[69]
Flag of المالديڤ المالديڤ 1952 Murder[70]
Flag of منغوليا منغوليا 2005 Terrorist acts committed for political purposes; terrorist acts against representatives of a foreign State for political purposes; sabotage; premeditated murder committed with aggravating circumstances; rape with aggravating circumstances; armed robbery[71]. According to Amnesty International, executions were carried out in secret and there are no official statistics[72]
Flag of ميانمار ميانمار 1993 High treason[73]
Flag of قرة باغ قرة باغ Never de facto moratorium on executions since 1997
Flag of نيپال نيپال 1979 1997 (by Constitution)
Flag of عُمان عُمان 2001[74] Murder; Drug trafficking[75]
Flag of پاكستان پاكستان 2008 Murder; sodomy[76]; gang rape; mutiny. (See Capital punishment in Pakistan)
Flag of السلطة الوطنية الفلسطينية السلطة الوطنية الفلسطينية 2005[77] Murder; Rape; Collaborating with Israeli forces to assassinate Palestinians[78]. There had been an unofficial moratorium since 2002 after President Yasser Arafat stopped authorising executions.
Flag of الفلپين الفلپين 2000 2006, June 24 Abolished in 1987 under the present constititution, re-introduced in 1993, re-abolished on June 24, 2006 under Republic Act No. 9346.
Flag of قطر قطر 2001 Espionage[79]; Threat to national security[80]; Apostasy[22](no recorded executions
Flag of السعودية السعودية 2008[81] Many violent and nonviolent offenses, including murder; apostasy; drug offenses; witchcraft; sexual misconduct.[82]. Method most often used is beheading by a sword
Flag of سنغافورة سنغافورة 2009 Murder; kidnapping; treason; certain firearm offenses; trafficking in more than 15 grams of heroin or morphine, 30 grams of cocaine or 500 grams of cannabis[83] (see capital punishment in Singapore)
Flag of سريلانكا سريلانكا 1976, June 23 Murder; perjury causing an innocent person to be executed; rape; drug trafficking. Moratorium from 1976 to 2003, reinstated in 2004[بحاجة لمصدر], however no executions have been carried out.
Flag of سوريا سوريا 2007 Treason; murder; political acts such as bearing arms against Syria in the ranks of the enemy, desertion of the armed forces to the enemy and acts of incitement under martial law or in wartime; violent robbery; rape; verbal opposition to the government; membership of the Muslim Brotherhood
Flag of طاجيكستان طاجيكستان 2004 Murder with aggravating circumstances; rape with aggravating circumstances; terrorism; biocide; genocide[84]. Moratorium introduced 30 April, 2004 by President Emomalii Rahmon
Flag of تايلند تايلند 2003, December 12 Regicide; sedition or rebellion; offences committed against the external security of Thailand; murder or attempted murder of a foreign head of state; bribery; arson; rape; murder with intent; kidnapping; robbery resulting in death. For a full list see here (PDF)
Flag of تركمنستان تركمنستان 1997 1999 (by Constitution)
Flag of الإمارات العربية المتحدة الإمارات العربية المتحدة 2002[85] Murder; Drug offences[86]; homosexuality[87][88]; Rape; treason; aggravated robbery; apostasy; environmental pollution; terrorism
Flag of اوزبكستان اوزبكستان 2005[89] 2008 President Islom Karimov signed a decree on 1 August 2005 that replaced the death penalty with life imprisonment on 1 January 2008[90][91]
Flag of ڤيتنام ڤيتنام 2007 Treason; taking action to overthrow the government; espionage; rebellion; banditry; terrorism; sabotage; hijacking; destruction of national security projects; undermining peace; war crimes; crimes against humanity; manufacturing, concealing and trafficking in narcotic substances; murder; rape; robbery; embezzlement; fraud[92]
Flag of اليمن اليمن 2008 Murder [93]; Adultery[94]; homosexuality[87][95]; Apostasy[22] (no recorded executions)


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أوروربا

مقال رئيسي: Capital punishment in Europe

Executions in 2008: Belarus (3)

Key Country Last Execution Abolished Notes
Flag of ألبانيا ألبانيا 1995[37] 2007 Ratification of Protocol No. 13 of ECHR took place on February 6th, 2007, in effect by June 1st, 2007. [96]
Flag of أندورا أندورا 1943 1990 (by Constitution)
Flag of النمسا النمسا 1950 1968 (by Constitution)
Flag of بلاروس بلاروس 2008, February[97] Acts of aggression; murder of a representative of a foreign state or international organization with the intention to provoke international tension or war; international terrorism; genocide; crimes against the security of humanity; murder with aggravating circumstances; terrorism; terrorist acts; treason that results in loss of life; conspiracy to seize power; sabotage; murder of a police officer; use of weapons of mass destruction; and violations of the laws and customs of war[98] (see Capital punishment in Belarus)
Flag of بلجيكا بلجيكا 1863 for common law crimes; 1950 for war crimes 1996 (by Constitution)
Flag of البوسنة والهرسك البوسنة والهرسك Never 1995 (by Constitution)
Flag of بلغاريا بلغاريا 1989 1998
Flag of كرواتيا كرواتيا 1973[37] 1990 (by Constitution)
Flag of قبرص قبرص 1962 2002 Capital punishment for murder abolished in 1983.
Flag of التشيك التشيك 1989 1990 (by Constitution) For more info see Capital punishment in the Czech Republic.
Flag of الدنمارك الدنمارك 1892 for common law crimes; 1950 for war crimes 1930; reinstated 1952-1978 Capital punishment was reinstated 1952-1978 in the civil penalty law for crimes committed under extreme circumstances and related to war or high treason. For more info see Capital punishment in Denmark.
Flag of إستونيا إستونيا 1991 1998
Flag of الاتحاد الأوروپي الاتحاد الأوروپي ? ? criterion for admission
Flag of فنلندا فنلندا 1944 1972 (by Constitution)
Flag of فرنسا فرنسا 1977 1981 Forbidden by law in 1981 and by Constitution in 2007.
Flag of ألمانيا ألمانيا none by FRG authorities 1949 (FRG)/1951 (West Berlin)/1987 (GDR) Last execution in West Germany, 1956, by US military authorities); in East Germany, 1981. Prohibited by the Basic Law since 1949.
Flag of اليونان اليونان 1972 2004 Abolished in 1975 except for high treason in time of war; abolished completely in 2004
Flag of المجر المجر 1989 1990
Flag of آيسلندا آيسلندا 1830 1928 Abolished in 1928; reintroduction made unconstitutional in 1995 by unanimous vote of parliament
Flag of جمهورية أيرلندا أيرلندا 1954 1990 21st Amendment to the Constitution (2001) passed by national referendum made reintroduction unconstitutional without a further constitutional amendment (and referendum). Until recently it was still technically lawful to execute the murderer of a police officer; however, in practice this never occurred, likely due to widespread moral objection.
Flag of إيطاليا إيطاليا 1947 1994 Abolished except in time of war in 1948 (by the Constitution). Abolished from the military penal code in 1994. Constitution amended in 2007 to make reintroduction unconstitutional without a further constitutional amendment.
Flag of كوسوڤو كوسوڤو 2008 (by Constitution)[99]
Flag of لاتڤيا لاتڤيا 1996[37] 1999 (for other crimes) murder with aggravating circumstances if committed during wartime[100]
Flag of ليختنشتاين ليختنشتاين 1785 1987
Flag of لتوانيا لتوانيا 1995 1998
Flag of لوكسمبورگ لوكسمبورگ 1949 1979 (by Constitution)
Flag of جمهورية مقدونيا جمهورية مقدونيا 1988[37] 1991 (by Constitution)
Flag of مالطا مالطا 1943 2000 Capital punishment for murder abolished in 1971; part of the military code until 2000.
Flag of the Isle of Man جزيرة مان 1872 1993
Flag of مولدوڤا مولدوڤا 1985[37] 1995 On September 23 2005 the Moldovan Constitutional Court approved constitutional amendments that abolished the death penalty[101].
Flag of موناكو موناكو 1847 1962 (by Constitution)
Flag of الجبل الأسود الجبل الأسود 1992 1995
Flag of هولندا هولندا 1952 1982 (by Constitution) Abolished for peacetime offences in 1870, last execution for peacetime offences 1860
Flag of النرويج النرويج 1948 1979 Abolished for peacetime offences in 1902, last execution for peacetime offences 1876
Flag of پولندا پولندا 1988 1997 A criminal law reform including reintroducion of death penalty was proposed in 2004 by Prawo i Sprawiedliwość, but lost its first reading vote in the Sejm by 198 to 194 with 14 abstentions). It is said that this was only a populism, as Poland was in the European Union and so this initiative hardly had a chance.[20]
Flag of الپرتغال الپرتغال 1849 (last woman in 1763) 1976 (by Constitution) Abolished for political crimes in 1852 (per Additional Act to the Constitutional Charter); abolished for all crimes except in time of war in 1867; abolished in time of war in 1911.
Flag of رومانيا رومانيا December 25, 1989 1990[37] (by Constitution)
Flag of روسيا روسيا 1999 Murder with aggravating circumstances; assassination attempt against a state or public figure; attempt on the life of a person administering justice or preliminary investigations; attempt on the life of a law-enforcement officer; genocide[102]. On 16 April, 1997 Russia signed the Sixth Protocol to the European Convention on Human Rights, but has yet to ratify it. There has been a moratorium on executions since 1996; no executions in the Russian Federation since August 1996, though one took place in 1999 in the Chechen Republic
Flag of سان مارينو سان مارينو 1468 1865
Flag of صربيا صربيا 1992 1995 Abolished in 1995 on Federal level, local legislation adjusted in 2002[103]
Flag of سلوڤاكيا سلوڤاكيا 1989 1990 (by Constitution)
Flag of سلوڤنيا سلوڤنيا 1957 1989 (by Constitution)
Flag of إسپانيا إسپانيا 1975, September 27 1995 Abolished in 1978 by constitution except for military laws during wartime.
Flag of السويد السويد 1910, November 23 1972 Peacetime offences 1921, Wartime offences 1973. Constitutionally prohibited since 1975.
Flag of سويسرا سويسرا 1944 1874/1938/1992 Abolished in 1874, later permitted again and practiced by a few states (nine executions up to 1940). Abolished by popular vote in 1938, except for wartime military crimes, for which it was abolished in 1992.
Flag of ترانس‌نيستريا ترانس‌نيستريا never Murder; attempt to murder a state or public official; armed rebellion; attempt to murder a magistrate or investigator; attempt to murder a law enforcement agent; genocide. Moratorium since 1 يناير, 1999
Flag of تركيا تركيا 1984, October 25 2004, July 21 (by Constitution)
Flag of قبرص الشمالية قبرص الشمالية Never Treason during wartime, acts of terrorism and piracy jure gentium (by the law of nations), and for repeated murders[104]
Flag of أوكرانيا أوكرانيا 1997, March[105] 2000 Abolished February 2000 after the Constitutional Court ruled the death penalty unconstitutional in December 1999. New criminal code passed in April 2001.
Flag of المملكة المتحدة المملكة المتحدة 1964, August 13 1998/2003 Abolished for murder in 1969 (officially suspended for five years in 1965) in Great Britain and 1973 in Northern Ireland. Abolished for arson in royal dockyards in 1971. Abolished for all remaining offences (high treason, piracy with violence and offences under military jurisdiction) in 1998. European Convention ratified in 2003 confirming total abolition. See Capital punishment in the United Kingdom
Flag of مدينة الڤاتيكان الڤاتيكان 1870, July 9 (Papal States[106]) 1969


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أمريكا الشمالية والكاريبي

Executions in 2007: United States (42)[107]

Key Country Last Execution Abolished Notes
Flag of أنتيگا وبربودا أنتيگا وبربودا 1991, February 2 Murder
Flag of البهاماز البهاماز 2000, January 6 Treason; Piracy; Murder
Flag of بربادوس بربادوس 1984, October 10[7] Murder; Treason
Flag of بليز بليز 1985, June [7] Murder, except where extenuating circumstances can be proved[108]
Flag of برمودا برمودا 1977 2000
Flag of كندا كندا 1962, December 11 1976[109] For more information see Capital punishment in Canada
Flag of كوستاريكا كوستاريكا 1859[110] 1877 (by Constitution)
Flag of كوبا كوبا 2003 Commuted most to prison terms of 30 years to life[111]
Flag of دومنيكا دومنيكا 1986, August 8
Flag of جمهورية الدومنيكان جمهورية الدومنيكان 1966 1966 (by Constitution)
Flag of السلڤادور السلڤادور 1973 1983 (for other crimes) May be imposed only in cases provided by military laws during a state of international war[112]
Flag of گرينادا گرينادا 1978
Flag of گواتيمالا گواتيمالا 2000[113]
Flag of هايتي هايتي 1972 1987 (by Constitution)
Flag of هندوراس هندوراس 1940 1956(by Constitution)
Flag of جامايكا جامايكا 1988[114] Murder[115]
Flag of المكسيك المكسيك 1937 1917(for other crimes)/2005 Death penalty abolished by Constitution in 1917 except for military crimes, 2005 all crimes. Since the kidnap and murder of 14-year-old Fernando Marti in July 2008 at the hands of an organized group of criminals that included police officers, there has been social pressure to reinstate capital punishment and the issue is about to be brought up in Congress.[116][117]
Flag of نيكاراگوا نيكاراگوا 1930 1979 (by Constitution)
Flag of پنما پنما 1903 1903 (by Constitution)
Flag of سانت كيتس ونڤيس سانت كيتس ونڤيس 2008, December 19 Murder
Flag of سانت لوشيا سانت لوشيا 1995, October 17 Murder; Treason
Flag of سانت ڤنسنت والگرنادينز سانت ڤنسنت والگرنادينز 1995, February 13 Murder; Treason
Flag of ترنيداد وتوباگو ترنيداد وتوباگو 1999, July 28 Murder; Treason[118]
جزر تركس وكايكوس جزر تركس وكايكوس 2002[119]
Flag of الولايات المتحدة الولايات المتحدة 2008[120] Federal Law provides the death penalty for many homicide-related crimes; espionage; treason; trafficking large quantities of drugs.[121]; 36 of 50 states still exercise the death penalty. In practice, used only for murder; conspiracy to commit murder; treason. Sentences of death may be handed down by a jury or a judge, depending upon the jurisdiction. For more information see Capital punishment in the United States.

أوقيانوسيا

Executions in 2007: none

Key Country Last Execution Abolished Notes
Flag of أستراليا أستراليا 1967, February 3[122] 1922 - 1985 Queensland 1922, Tasmania 1968, the Commonwealth 1973, Northern Territory 1973, ACT 1973, Victoria: 1975, South Australia 1976, Western Australia 1984, New South Wales 1985. For more information see Capital punishment in Australia.
Flag of جزر كوك جزر كوك none since self-government 2007[123] For more information see Capital punishment in the Cook Islands
Flag of فيجي فيجي 1964 1979 (for other crimes) Only for crimes under the Republic of Fiji Military Forces Act
Flag of كيريباس كيريباس none since independence 1979
Flag of جزر مارشال جزر مارشال none since independence 1986 (by Constitution)
Flag of the Federated States of Micronesia ميكرونزيا none since independence 1986 (by Constitution)
Flag of ناورو ناورو none since independence Treason; Piracy; Murder
Flag of نيوزيلندا نيوزيلندا 1957, February 17 1989 For more information see Capital punishment in New Zealand
Flag of نيووِيْ نيووِيْ
Flag of پالاو پالاو none since independence 1994
Flag of پاپوا غينيا الجديدة پاپوا غينيا الجديدة 1950 Treason; Piracy; Attempted piracy; willful murder
Flag of ساموا ساموا 1950s 2004, January 21[124]
Flag of the Solomon Islands جزر سولومون none since independence 1978
Flag of تونگا تونگا 1982 Treason; Murder
Flag of توڤالو توڤالو none since independence 1978
Flag of ڤانواتو ڤانواتو none since independence 1980

أمريكا الجنوبية

Executions in 2007: none

Key Country Last Execution Abolished Notes
Flag of الأرجنتين الأرجنتين 1916 1984 (for other crimes)/2009 Constitution states "The penalty of death for political offences, all kinds of torture, and flogging, are forever abolished."[125] The Military Code of Justice (including the death penalty) was abolished on August 6, 2008, thus the law will be in force within six months.[126]
Flag of بوليڤيا بوليڤيا 1974 1997 (for other crimes)
Flag of البرازيل البرازيل 1855/1876 1891 (by Constitution)[127] 1855 in Macaé, RJ, was the last execution signed by emperor Dom Pedro II, since 1857 abolitionist, while the 1876 execution in Pilar, AL, appears no appeal had been made. Under the Republic, capital punishment had disappeared by 1890 in the then new penal code, but was reintroduced as laws of exception between 1938 and 1945[128] by the Vargas dictature (1930-1945) and once more between 1969 and 1978[129] by the military dictature (1964-1985); no sentence has been carried out. Death penalty continues for "serious crime of a military nature committed during wartime"[130] [131]
Flag of تشيلي تشيلي 1985 2001 (for other crimes) Although it has been completely abolished from civil justice, it may still be applied for military justice for exceptional crimes. In practice, this does not occur. The last execution took place in 1985.
Flag of كولومبيا كولومبيا 1909 1910 (by Constitution) Prohibited by the Colombian Constitution of 1991: "The right to life is inviolable. There will be no death penalty."
Flag of الإكوادور الإكوادور 1884 1906 (by Constitution)
Flag of گويانا گويانا 1997 terrorist acts[132]; Murder; mass murder; rape; willful murder; treason; torture. The constitution states that it is not a mandatory punishment.
Flag of پاراگواي پاراگواي 1928 1992 (by Constitution)
Flag of پيرو پيرو 1979 1979 (for other crimes) Treason in time of war; Terrorism[112]
Flag of سورينام سورينام 1982 1987(by treaty) Abolished by signing the treaty of San Jose, formally it is not abolished. Aggravated murder; premeditated murder; treason[133]
Flag of أوروگواي أوروگواي 1905 1907 (by Constitution)
Flag of ڤنزويلا ڤنزويلا 1863 (by Constitution)

انظر أيضاً

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وصلات اخرجية

نصنيف:قوائم بلدان

الكلمات الدالة:
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